Sorry about that, I forgot to follow up on this.
I tried using your tirtos.mak and tirtos.bld files and bios built fine, so I'm not sure exactly where the problem is in rebuilding bios. Can you enable verbose output on sys/bios by uncommenting:
XDCOPTIONS=v
in C:\ti\tirtos_1_20_00_28\products\bios_6_37_00_20\bios.mak and then run:
c:\ti\tirtos_1_20_00_28>..\xdctools_3_25_04_88\gmake.exe -f tirtos.mak clean-bios bios > Make.log
This should be a big file. Can you repost Make.log when this is done?
I'm also not sure why the 8GB SDHC card is as a SDSC card. The print statements indicate that you were able to get the device out of reset state and were able to communicate with it... I'll try to reproduce this problem today.
When you tried the FatSD examples in TI-RTOS, did you use the same SDHC card? Can you try a smaller card (any SDSC or a 4GB SDHC card) to determine if the example works then? Also note that you need to use the MSP430F5529LP rev 1.4 for the FatSD examples to work with the SDCard boosterpack (http://store.43oh.com/index.php?route=product/product&path=64&product_id=70).